This handbook is intended to familiarise advocates with the African human rights system and its treaty body, the African Commission on Human and Peoples’ Rights, and particularly how to promote and protect reproductive and sexual health. It offers (1) an overview of the context of reproductive and sexual health in Africa; (2) an introduction to the African regional human rights system; and (3) information on using the African Commission. The handbook also includes background information on the Commission’s casework relevant to advocacy in general and to reproductive and sexual health rights in particular and the basic human rights documents of the African human rights system and other interpretive documents.